According to historyaah, excavations near the village of Ban Chiang testify to the existence of a Bronze Age culture here 5600 years ago, which is 600 years older than the ancient civilization in the Tigris and Euphrates Valley. The first states on the territory of Thailand were created by the Mons in the 1st-2nd centuries.… Read More »
Exploration. – Marco Polo during his return journey touched the eastern beaches of the Malacca Peninsula (Locac), subjected to Siam: but his news about it is scarce and uncertain. Ludovico de Varthema also gives some information on Siam in his Itinerary when he speaks of the cities of Tenasserim and Malacca, which he had visited.… Read More »
Siamese literature shows, like all civilization, evident and very profound signs of Indian influences: Sanskrit literature has provided, through the Khmer, most of the models to Thai writers for profane works, while Pali literature has inspired religious works. Pāli is after all the sacred language of Siamese Buddhism, and King Chulalongkorn had the Tipi ṭ… Read More »
However, this provision was, over time, a cause of difficulties, above all because it applied not only to Europeans, but also to Asian subjects or proteges of Western states, and France especially had made it a weapon to extend its influence so much. that around 1893 more than 30,000 people depended on its jurisdiction. In… Read More »
The war with Burma lasted almost uninterrupted for fifty years, with alternating events; meanwhile other Europeans set foot in Siam to trade: the Spaniards in 1598, the Dutch in 1604, the English in 1612, the Danes in 1621; on the contrary, the Dutch East India Company soon replaced the Portuguese, in the monopoly of Siam’s… Read More »
The news about the most ancient period in the history of Siam is scarce and fragmentary. Already in the century. Street. C. Mon-Khmer and Burmese populations had formed numerous small states, always at war with each other, reduced towards the century. VII d. C. to only four kingdoms. These political organisms perpetuate themselves and arrive,… Read More »
The Siamese have short stature, strongly brachycephalic skull, olive tint, protruding cheekbones, short and flat nose: in short, they have very strong Mongolian characters. Their temperament is generally sweet, shy and gay, a little thoughtless; they are intelligent, sincere, hospitable, very fond of games and entertainment, in which they occupy a lot of their time.… Read More »
Forests. – Except for the central lowlands, the rest of the country is largely covered by forests, which are thought to occupy 50-60% of the total area. The most important are those of teak, the timber of which is in third place, by value, in Siamese exports, after rice and tin. Teak is found abundantly… Read More »
The first total census was carried out in Siam in 1909 (a partial one had been made in 1905), and it resulted in 8,087,000 residents, which rose to 9,207,355 in 1919 and 11,506,207 in 1929. An evaluation makes them rise in 1935 to 12,750,000, 25 per sq. km. The population is very unevenly distributed, and… Read More »
Since the end of the 19th century, the construction of modern communication routes has had a great boost, and now Siam has 3134 km. of railways (1934) and about 2100 km. of state and provincial roads, the longest of which, and one of the most important, is the one that leads from Nagor Lampang to… Read More »
During the sec. XVIII very little could be added to the knowledge that already existed. Among the explorations of the century. XIX are those of the Englishman D. Richardson, who in 1839 crossed the mountains of Tenasserim between Moulmein and Kanchanaburi; of the French botanist H. Mouhot, who from Menam went to Korat and then… Read More »
For the most ancient period, instead of “Siamese art” we must speak of “art in Siam”, since the Siamese of today, originally called Thai, immigrated en masse only in the century. XIII, coming from the north, in the Menam valley. At that time an artistic activity was already flourishing, especially in the field of sculpture.… Read More »
That Siam is essentially an agricultural country, although not even 6% of its surface is cultivated, is indicated by the percentage of the population employed in agriculture, and this is confirmed by the value of the exported rice, which is around 70% of the total export value. Siam is therefore also a typical monoculture country.… Read More »
The Thai rulers have been instrumental in the modernization of literature. Towards the middle of the 19th century, thanks to King Mongkut (Rāma iv, 1851-68), relations with Western countries were strengthened: these relations later resulted in the reign of his son, Chulalongkorn or Rāma v (1868-1910), in a notable influence of the world and Western… Read More »
FROM THE ORIGINS TO THE 18TH CENTURY The first evidence of Thai written literature dates back to the 13th century. and consists of inscriptions on stelae (epigraphs in honor of the deceased sovereigns, of political and religious inspiration), engraved by King Rāma Kamheng (d. 1315), third ruler of the first Siamese dynasty of Sukhōthai, to… Read More »
The Siamese nationalist government, firmly established in power in 1933, had set itself a specific purpose: to give the country a new power that would allow it to assume a non-secondary role in the community of Asian peoples. The People’s Party had begun by carrying out a vast program of internal reforms; in the economic… Read More »
History After a brief phase of civilian rule (1974-76), the end of the 1970s saw the return to power of the military, a traditionally dominant group in Thai political life. The regime, led since November 1977 by gen. Kriangsak Chomanan and institutionalized in 1978 by a new Constitution, had to face, after the development of… Read More »
FROM THE FIRST THAI KINGDOM TO THE 19TH CENTURY The predominant population in Thailand descends from the Thais, who in the 6th century. they had founded a kingdom named Ta-li in the present Chinese province of Yunnan. This kingdom disappeared in 1253 following the Mongol invasion of China. The Thais then left Yunnan: the Thai-Yai… Read More »
Thailand is a state of Southeast Asia. Located in the center of Indochina, it is limited to the W and N from Myanmar, to the North and E from Laos, to the SE from Cambodia ; to the S it touches Peninsular Malaysia (Peninsula of Malacca) on the Isthmus of Kra, thus reaching both the… Read More »
Economy Between 1990 and 1996 Thailand experienced strong growth, averaging 8.6%, which was abruptly interrupted by the Asian crisis of 1997-98, following which Thailand’s GDP collapsed by 11%. However, the high development of the commercial sector, combined with a markedly export-oriented economy, favored a sudden recovery that materialized in an average increase in GDP of… Read More »
Although it experienced some industrial development after 1960, it still remains a country fundamentally based on the primary sector – around 80% of the active population and over 80% of the country’s exports (but only less than a third of the gross national product.) -, first of all on agriculture, in which more than 75%… Read More »
The current development of Thailand originates from massive US aid during the Vietnam War, of which the country was the main logistical rear. Later, it was fueled by Japanese industrial investments, attracted by the low cost of labor. An authoritarian political system and friend of the West allowed Thailand to offer an optimal environment to… Read More »
Thailand (until 1939 and from 1946 to 1949 Siam) Southeast Asian state. In the 6th century. the Thais were pushed by the Chinese into the od. Yunnan, a Chinese province, where they founded the ta-li kingdom, which disappeared in 1253 following the Mongol invasion of China; they then moved south (Pagan and Cambodia), divided into… Read More »
Thai cinema was born only at the end of the 1920s, later than that of other Asian countries, and had to wait until the end of the 1950s to get to know the first works of authorship. Throughout its history it has experienced alternating phases of development and crisis, but it was in particular from… Read More »
Thailand The modern Siam A destination for exotic western tourism, Thailand is a rapidly developing country. Miraculously escaping colonization, it owes the relative balance of its society to the unbroken state tradition, despite ethnic and religious tensions and illegal opium production. It is on the way to an intense modernization that has already made some… Read More »
The artistic production of ancient Thailand, closely linked to Buddhism, dates back to the traditions of Indian culture. Siamese artists imitated Indian models, which were inevitably changing and altering. The oldest Siamese school of art was that of the kingdom of Dvaravati (6th-13th century) of whose architecture almost nothing remains. The sculpture of this school… Read More »
The first human presence in Thailand is attested by the recent excavations carried out in the rock shelter of Lang Rong Rien (province of Krabi, southern Thailand), where a level was revealed at the base of the deposit (about 37,000 years ago), referable to the Upper Pleistocene, characterized by small and medium-sized sliver industry previously… Read More »
Demography and economic geography State of Southeast Asia. At the 2010 census the Thailand housed a population of 65,980,000 residents (increased to 67,222,972 in 2014, according to an estimate by UNDESA, United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs). The annual growth rate shows a significant reduction: from 2.7% per year (1960-70) to 1.05% (1990-2000)… Read More »
HUMAN AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY State of Southeast Asia. The population, with a census in 2000, was 60,606,947 residents for a density of 118 residents / km 2. Population growth rates are progressively decreasing (the birth rate was 13.8%, the death rate was 7% in 2006). The population is mainly rural (70 % in 2004), the… Read More »
HUMAN AND ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY Population According to official United Nations estimates, in 1998 the population of Thailand had exceeded 60 million residents; in recent decades there has been a decrease in the annual growth rate, from 3.2% in 1972 to the current 1.4%, one of the lowest in all of Asia. 25% of the total… Read More »