Tag Archives: Study in South Sudan

The Sudan is a republic in East Africa. South Sudan is characterized by the flood and swampy landscape of the Sudd, through which the White Nile flows. In the south on the border with Uganda the Kinyeti is the highest point in the country at 3,187 m. The rainforest in the south changes to dry forests and open savannah landscapes to the north. The population is made up of a large number of ethnic groups (Dinka, Nuer, Shilluk, Zande, etc.). The majority are Christians, there are also traditional African religions and African-Christian-syncretistic religious communities. Agriculture is still the livelihood for the majority of the population. Millet is grown for personal use, peanuts, tobacco and cotton for export. There are abundant sources of oil in the extraction of which South Sudan sees its future. The transport network is only poorly developed. The most important north-south connection is the sale of ships on the White Nile. According to COUNTRYAAH, South Sudan is a nation in Eastern Africa, the capital city of which is Juba. The latest population of South Sudan is 11,193,736. REMZFAMILY: Lists and descriptions of main religions and beliefs in South Sudan, including religion demographics and statistics on Christianity, Islam, Judaism, etc.

History: After more than 20 years of civil war in southern Sudan, which resulted in around 1.5 million deaths and an estimated 4 million refugees, a peace treaty was signed in 2005 between the Sudanese government and the SPLM (Sudanese People’s Liberation Movement). On the basis of this agreement, a referendum ( referendum ) took place in South Sudan in 2011, in which 98.8% of the voters spoke out in favor of independence. The SPLM leader Salvar Kiir Mayardit became the first president of the independent state. In the period that followed, there were conflicts with Sudan over the extraction and transport of oil as well as the demarcation of borders. 2013 sparked a political power struggle between President Kiir Mayardit and his deputy Riek Machar started a bloody civil war between Dinka and Nuer. The bloody clashes made more than two million people internally displaced and tens of thousands lost their lives. Because of the armed conflicts, the people cannot till the fields. The United Nations ( UN ) declared a famine in some areas of the country in early 2017. International aid organizations fear a new famine in 2018.
The breakaway political and military forces of Machar formed in the Sudan People’s Liberation Movement in opposition (SPLM-IO). UNMISS set up protective camps for the threatened Nuer and Dinka civilians. After a short-lived ceasefire brokered by Ethiopia on January 23, 2014, fighting flared up again at the end of February 2014. On May 9, 2014 and November 8, 2014, further ceasefire agreements were concluded without the conflict ending. In response to international pressure, President Kiir and his rival Riek Machar came to an agreementon January 21, 2015 in the Tanzanian city of Arusha and on February 1, 2015 in Addis Ababa for negotiations on a power-sharing and again on a ceasefire. Further talks about the implementation of the agreements reached proved to be difficult and ended on March 6, 2015 initially without result, even though the United Nations had threatened those involved in the conflict with sanctions in a resolution. The South Sudanese parliament extended President Kiir’s term of office by three years in March 2015, and the parliamentary term of office was extended by three years. At the end of August 2015, a peace agreement negotiated under international mediation finally came into force in Addis Ababa. On the basis of this agreement, Kiir R. appointed Machar on February 11, 2016 again as First Vice-President. He returned to Juba from his Ethiopian exile on April 26, 2016 to take office. Then a government of national unity was formed.

On July 8, 2016, new fighting broke out between units of Kiirs and Machars in Juba. In the days that followed, at least 300 people were killed in fighting in the capital. When his defeat became apparent, Machar fled Juba to the Democratic Republic of the Congo, and later to Sudan. President Kiir then removed him from office and installed the previous Mining Minister Taban Deng Gai (SPLM-IO) as the new First Vice-President. He was sworn in on June 26, 2016 in this office. This effectively split the SPLM-IO, the supporters of Machar were replaced in the Cabinet of National Unity. South Sudan did not achieve stability in the period that followed. South Sudan did not achieve stability in the period that followed. Under international pressure, the main parties to the conflict reached an agreement on June 27, 2018, which includes a ceasefire, corridors for humanitarian aid, an exchange of prisoners and the integration of the armed forces.