Tag Archives: Study in Poland

Poland is a state in eastern central Europe. The capital is called Warsaw. At around 310,000 km², the country is only slightly larger than Italy. It consists mainly of lowlands, which are very rich in lakes in the north. The south of the country is occupied by a mountain belt. There is a temperate climate that becomes increasingly drier to the east. The temperature differences between summer and winter also increase to the east. The ethnic composition of the population is very uniform. 97% belong to the Poles. There are also minorities of Germans, Ukrainians and Belarusians. The people are strongly influenced by the Catholic faith.

In the 10th century Poland had adopted Latin Christianity. In the 18th century, Prussia, Austria and Russia completely divided Poland among themselves. Only in 1918 did Poland become a separate state again. After the Second World War, the country belonged to the Eastern Bloc as a communist people’s republic. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the political upheavals at the end of the 1980s, Poland turned to the West. In 1997 the country adopted a new constitution.

In Poland’s economy, agriculture still plays a major role. It employs over 10% of the workforce. Most people work in the service sector, which is also the most important economically. In contrast, the coal mining and steel industries are in a serious crisis.

Poland is a parliamentary republic. The head of state is the president, who has only limited power. The closest allies are the USA and neighboring European countries. Poland has been a member of NATO since 1999 and of the European Union since 2004. The country does not belong to the euro zone, however, and payment is made in the złoty. In the 2015 elections, Poland saw a shift to the right. According to COUNTRYAAH, Poland is a nation in Eastern Europe, the capital city of which is Warsaw. The latest population of Poland is 37,846,622. MYSTERYAROUND: Lists and descriptions of main religions and beliefs in Poland, including religion demographics and statistics on Christianity, Islam, Judaism, etc.
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Since the beginning of the 1950s, Poland has developed from an agricultural to an industrial-agricultural state. The industrialization accelerated with the building of socialism went hand in hand with a profound change in the economic and social structure; The state-controlled planned economy, organized according to the Soviet model, led the country into a severe economic crisis, despite major development efforts and the reform attempts undertaken since the early 1980s, which led to major social unrest in 1981-83 (Solidarność). In October 1989 a reform program with gradual privatization of state enterprises and the transition to a market economy was implementedinitiated, the corresponding laws were passed in 1990. The consequences of the restructuring concept implemented in 1990/91 for the economy (called the »Balcerowicz Plan« after the finance minister at the time, also known as »shock therapy«) were decisive. The liberalization of foreign trade, the privatization of state-owned companies, the abolition of subsidies for companies and agricultural products and a profound institutional reorganization existed. This stopped the economic decline and stabilized economic development. The inflation rate fell from 59.4% to 2.1% in 1991–2017. The gross domestic product (GDP) achieved annual growth rates between 1.6 and 6.8% from 2007 to 2017 (2017: 4.7%). An important driver of economic growth is the export-oriented industry. The national debt was 50.6% of GDP in 2017. The public budget deficit (2017: 1.7% of GDP) will be further reduced. Foreign investments and EU subsidies made a not inconsiderable contribution to economic growth and to Poland’s integration into the world market. Poland has been a member of the EU since May 1, 2004.

Foreign trade: The foreign trade balance was negative until 2014; an export surplus has been recorded since 2015 (2017: € 3 billion). When imported, the most important commercial goods are chemical products, crude oil, natural gas and lubricants, machines and vehicles, electrotechnical and electronic products, foodstuffs and live cattle; in export: machines and vehicles, automotive parts, cables, foodstuffs, textiles, metal goods, electrotechnical and electronic products. The main trading partners are Germany (22.7% of imports; 27.2% of exports), Italy, France and China.

Poland 1980

Poland in 1980: The Birth of Solidarity and the Struggle for Freedom In 1980, Poland was a nation at a historic crossroads, marked by significant social, political, and economic challenges. The country, situated in Eastern Europe, was on the verge of a transformative decade that would ultimately lead to the collapse of communist rule and… Read More »

Poland 1981

In 1981, Poland was a country in the midst of significant political, social, and economic turmoil. The year marked a critical point in the country’s modern history, as Poland faced a series of challenges that would ultimately lead to major political changes and the eventual end of communist rule. Here’s an overview of Poland in… Read More »

Poland 1982

Poland in 1982: A Comprehensive Overview Introduction: Poland in 1982 was a country at the crossroads of change. Situated in Central Europe, Poland had a complex history marked by periods of independence and foreign domination. In 1982, Poland was under communist rule, but the nation was simmering with social unrest and a longing for political… Read More »

Poland 1983

In 1983, Poland was a country located in Central Europe, marked by a history of political turmoil, the influence of the Soviet Union, and a vibrant spirit of resistance and change. This description provides an overview of Poland in 1983, including its political situation, economy, society, and key events during that time. Political Landscape: Communist… Read More »

Poland 1984

In 1984, Poland was a nation situated in Eastern Europe that was undergoing a period of political and social upheaval under the authoritarian rule of the Polish United Workers’ Party (PUWP). The country’s history was marked by a mix of political resistance, economic challenges, and a yearning for greater freedoms. Political Landscape: Poland was under… Read More »

Poland 1985

In 1985, Poland was a nation situated in Central Europe, marked by a rich history, cultural heritage, and socio-political conditions shaped by decades of communist rule. The country’s struggles for independence, coupled with its resilient spirit, were central to its identity during this period. Poland had been under the control of the Soviet-backed Communist government… Read More »

Poland 1990

Population of Poland in 1990 In 1990, Poland had a population of around 38 million people. This population was largely concentrated in the cities, with about 60 percent of the population living in urban areas. The largest cities were Warsaw, Krakow, and Lodz. Warsaw was the most populous city with over 1.7 million people, followed… Read More »

Poland 1986

Poland in 1986: Amidst Political Struggle and Societal Change The year 1986 held significant importance for Poland, a country situated in Central Europe. During this period, Poland was grappling with the complex dynamics of a state-controlled economy, a society yearning for change, and a growing movement that would eventually pave the way for transformative political… Read More »

Poland 1987

In 1987, Poland was a nation marked by its historical struggles, cultural resilience, and evolving political landscape. Situated in Central Europe, the country was navigating a complex period characterized by a mix of social change, economic challenges, and a growing desire for political transformation. Solidarity Movement: One of the defining features of Poland in 1987… Read More »

Poland 1989

Poland in 1989: The Winds of Change and the Fall of Communism The year 1989 was a pivotal period in the history of Poland, a nation located in Central Europe with a rich cultural heritage and a tumultuous past. The events of that year marked a dramatic turning point in Poland’s political landscape and led… Read More »

Poland 1988

In 1988, Poland found itself at a critical juncture in its history. The country was still under communist rule, with the Polish United Workers’ Party (PZPR) in power. However, the winds of change were starting to blow across Eastern Europe, and Poland was no exception. The year 1988 marked a turning point in the country’s… Read More »

Poland 1991

Population of Poland in 1991 In 1991, Poland’s population stood at 38.7 million people. This was a significant increase from the population of 36.5 million recorded in 1980, and a testament to the country’s economic growth and development over the previous decade. The largest cities in Poland at this time were Warsaw (1.7 million), Kraków… Read More »

Poland 1992

Population of Poland in 1992 In 1992, Poland was a nation of over 38 million people. Its population was ethnically diverse, with Poles making up the majority ethnic group at 95%, followed by Germans at 2%, Ukrainians at 1%, and Belarusians and Lithuanians at 0.7% each. Other minority groups included Czechs, Slovaks, Romani people, and… Read More »

Poland 1993

Population of Poland in 1993 In 1993, Poland’s population was estimated to be 38.5 million people. This was an increase of 1.3 million people since the 1989 census, and the population had grown at an average rate of 0.7% per year since then. The population was mainly made up of ethnic Poles (97%), with other… Read More »

Poland 1994

Population of Poland in 1994 In 1994, the population of Poland was estimated to be 38,622,191 people. This was a slight decrease from the previous year due to emigration and a decline in birth rates. The majority of the population (97.5%) were Poles with other ethnic minorities such as Germans, Ukrainians, and Belarusians making up… Read More »

Poland Demographics

Poland is a sovereign country located in Central Europe with a population of around 38 million people. It is bordered by Germany to the west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south, Ukraine and Belarus to the east, and Lithuania and Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to the north. The capital of Poland is… Read More »

Poland Foreign Trade

Poland is a Central European country located between Germany and the Baltic Sea. It is bordered by seven other countries: Belarus, Czech Republic, Lithuania, Russia (Kaliningrad Oblast), Slovakia, Ukraine and Germany. Poland’s total land area is 312,679 sq km (120,726 sq mi) and it has a population of 38 million. According to Petwithsupplies, the capital… Read More »

Poland Industry Sectors

According to philosophynearby, Poland is a country located in Central Europe, bordered by Germany to its west, the Czech Republic and Slovakia to its south, Ukraine and Belarus to its east, and Lithuania and the Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) to its northeast. The Baltic Sea lies to Poland’s north, providing the country with access… Read More »

Poland Manufacturing and Mining Sectors

According to pharmacylib, Poland is a country located in Central Europe. It is bordered by both Germany and the Czech Republic to the west, by Slovakia to the south, and by both Belarus and Ukraine to the east. Poland covers an area of 312,685 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 38 million people.… Read More »

Top 10 Largest Countries in Europe by Area

Earlier we wrote a top 10 of the most densely populated areas of the European continent. But which of these countries are also literally the largest in Europe, that is: measured by the surface area of ​​the actual territory? You will discover it below. Check transporthint for list of top 10 largest countries in South America. 10. Italy This… Read More »

Top 10 European Countries with the Most Population

Europe consists of about 50 countries. In total, around 740 million people live there. Europeans are divided between very small countries such as Liechtenstein and Monaco, and very large countries such as Germany and Russia. The following ten countries are the largest in Europe in terms of population. With just over 17 million inhabitants, the Netherlands falls just outside the top 10, and… Read More »

Krakow, Poland

The full name of Krakow sounds like this: Capital Royal City of Krakow. And he really justifies such a solemn name. Despite the fact that this large city in the south of Poland has long ceased to be the capital, it retains the dignity and beauty of the country’s main settlement. And royal chic is… Read More »

Lodz, Poland

It is widely believed that there is nothing for tourists to do in industrial cities. What interesting things will you see on the gray streets, what will you occupy yourself with in the evenings, when the collected and businesslike citizens rush to their homes? So tourists strive to embrace the beauty of Warsaw, not noticing… Read More »

Elblag, Poland

Elbląg without exaggeration can be considered one of the most beautiful non-tourist Polish cities. It was founded by the Teutonic Knights in 1237 on the site of the ancient Prussian settlement of Truso. Chronicles testify that as early as the 8th c. Truso was an important Baltic port, the Vikings often sailed here, and life… Read More »

Poland Road Network

The planned network of motorways in Poland. The first Autobahnen were built in Poland as early as the 1930s as the German Reichsautobahnen. The construction of the highways almost came to a standstill in the communist era. Only some parts of the A2 and A4 were opened at that time. The roads were severely neglected… Read More »

Poland Religion, Geography, Politics and Population

Religion in Poland More than 90% of Poland’s population are Catholics. Transport in Poland City modes of transport are bus, trolleybus, tram, in Warsaw there is a metro. Buses, trolleybuses and trams run from 5:30 to 23:00. Single tickets for them are sold in the subway, newspaper, tobacco and other kiosks. They can also be… Read More »

Climate and Weather of Lódź, Poland

The climate of Lódź According to shopareview, Lódź is located in the center of Poland. The textile industry flourished here in the 19th century. The traces of this can still be found everywhere. There are many beautiful Art Nouveau buildings. The city suffered a lot in the Second World War. 34% of the population before… Read More »

Climate and Weather of Krakow, Poland

The climate of Krakow According to citypopulationreview, Krakow (Polish: Kraków) is located in the south of Poland and is the former capital of the country. The city center is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Krakow is a beautiful old city, which is very atmospheric. During the Christmas season there are many nativity scenes that… Read More »

Poland Culture of Business

Subchapters: Introduction Addressing Business Meeting Communication Recommendations Public Holidays Introduction Poles are very proud of their country and its traditions and history. At the same time, they are aware of the country’s economic growth in recent years and the potential for foreign companies and investors, including Czech ones. When operating in Poland, one must take… Read More »

Poland Basic Information

Basic information about the territory Subchapters: System of governance and political tendencies in the country Foreign policy of the country Population The system of governance and political tendencies in the country Poland is a parliamentary republic. The head of state is the directly elected president, whose election is two-round. Therefore, the winner must receive an… Read More »