Tag Archives: Study in Indonesia

Indonesia, a state of Asia formed by approx. 3000 islands which together make up the largest archipelago in the world, stretches for almost 5000 km between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean and it is one of the states with the highest population density on the planet. Inhabited since ancient times, it owes its origins more properly to the Malay migrations that populated the main islands of the archipelago around 400 BC, founding the kingdoms of Java and Sumatra. Subjected, starting from the sixteenth century, to the Portuguese, Spanish and above all Dutch dominations, Indonesia was disputed for some centuries between the various European powers, attracted by the commercial possibilities represented by the islands: presence of spices, cultivation of coffee, sugar, rubber, etc.. which covered the ever increasing needs of the countries of origin. At the end of the Second World War, after the achievement of full national sovereignty, obtained first formally and then substantially following a heated conflict with the Netherlands (strenuously determined not to lose control over the islands and their wealth), Indonesia has embarked on a path characterized by different impulses. On the one hand, attention was paid to the achievement of objectives relating to national growth and development, pursued through nationalistic policies of control of the country’s resources (especially oil) and dictatorial ones, not exempt from frequent military coups; on the other hand, reproducing a colonialist policy to the detriment of both neighboring islands and some internal provinces. Here, consequently, the harsh impositions of the central government and the armed offensives have provoked bloody uprisings by the local independence movements, suffocated in blood. In 2002, after 24 years of Indonesian occupation and 3 years of UN administration, East Timor gained independence; in 2005 also the GAM (Movement for Free Aceh) laid down its arms after having signed peace agreements. In the new millennium, the delicate fronts of Islamic terrorist attacks remained open and the country also had to deal with some disastrous natural events: the tsunami, which hit South Asia in 2004, caused hundreds of thousands of deaths, as well as serious damage to the island of Java due to an earthquake in 2006. According to COUNTRYAAH, Indonesia is a nation in Southeastern Asia, the capital city of which is Jakarta. The latest population of Indonesia is 273,523,626. ACEINLAND: Lists and descriptions of main religions and beliefs in Indonesia, including religion demographics and statistics on Christianity, Islam, Judaism, etc.
CLIMATE
Although the relief, the more or less direct exposure to sea air masses and the enormous extension of the island arc determine significant climatic differences between zone and zone, Indonesia as a whole has a predominantly equatorial climate, with high temperatures all year round (25-27 ºC), relatively more marked daily temperature fluctuations than annual ones (the latter of 2 ºC in Jakarta) and abundant rainfall (averages of 1800 mm per year). The rainfall trend is influenced, however, by the monsoons so there is an alternation between the dry season (June-October) and the rainy season (November-May), with particularly accentuated rainfall in February. This is the result of the different baric situation, which arises between Asia and Australia during the year: in the summer, when the low pressures of South Asia attract the dry air masses of the Australian anticyclone, rainfall decreases., especially in the southern areas of the islands; in the winter months, on the other hand, the winds, which mainly come from Asia heading towards Australia, are loaded with humidity on the sea and encountering the barrier of the mountains cause heavy rainfall, which on the more exposed mountains of Sumatra, Java and Borneo they exceed 4000 mm per year and in the plains of Sumatra they reach 2000 mm.