One of the original 13 colonies, Virginia played a central role in the American Revolution and Civil War. It has 95 counties and 38 independent cities.
10 Largest Counties in Virginia
1. Fairfax County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 1.2 million
- Area Codes: 703, 571
- Zip Codes: 22030-22182
- County Seat: Fairfax
Geography and History
Fairfax County is located in Northern Virginia, bordered by the Potomac River to the north and adjacent to Washington, D.C. The county’s landscape features a mix of urban, suburban, and rural areas. Established in 1742, Fairfax County was named after Thomas Fairfax, 6th Lord Fairfax of Cameron. The county has a rich history tied to its colonial past and its role in the development of the Washington metropolitan area. Fairfax County played a significant role during the American Civil War and has since evolved into a major economic and cultural hub. The county is known for its well-developed infrastructure, affluent communities, and strong educational system.
Colleges and Universities
- George Mason University: A public research university located in Fairfax, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in law, business, and public policy.
- Northern Virginia Community College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- Fairfax University of America: Offers undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on business, technology, and healthcare.
Major Landmarks
Fairfax County features several prominent landmarks that reflect its historical and cultural significance. The historic city of Fairfax, with its courthouse and various preserved buildings, serves as a reminder of the county’s colonial and Civil War history. The National Mall and Washington, D.C., are nearby, offering a wealth of national monuments and museums. The Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center, part of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, is located in Chantilly and showcases aviation and space artifacts. Additionally, the Meadowlark Botanical Gardens provide a serene natural setting with themed gardens and seasonal events. These landmarks highlight Fairfax County’s blend of historical, cultural, and natural attractions.
2. Prince William County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 500,000
- Area Codes: 703, 571
- Zip Codes: 20109-20195
- County Seat: Manassas
Geography and History
Prince William County is located in Northern Virginia, south of Fairfax County and bordering the Potomac River. The county’s landscape includes a mix of urban, suburban, and rural areas, with significant development in the northern part and more rural settings to the south. Established in 1731, Prince William County was named after Prince William, Duke of Cumberland. The county has a rich history tied to early colonial settlements and its role in the American Civil War, particularly the Battle of Manassas (Bull Run). Today, the county has grown rapidly, driven by its proximity to Washington, D.C., and its development as a suburban area with a strong economy and diverse communities.
Colleges and Universities
- George Mason University (Prince William Campus): Offers a variety of undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on applied sciences and business.
- Northern Virginia Community College (Manassas Campus): Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- Strayer University (Woodbridge Campus): Offers undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on business, criminal justice, and information technology.
Major Landmarks
Prince William County is known for several landmarks that showcase its historical and cultural significance. The Manassas National Battlefield Park preserves the sites of the First and Second Battles of Bull Run, offering visitors insights into Civil War history. The National Museum of the Marine Corps, located in Triangle, provides exhibits on the history and heritage of the U.S. Marine Corps. Additionally, the historic city of Manassas features preserved 19th-century architecture and museums. The Potomac Mills mall in Woodbridge is a major shopping destination, and the Occoquan Historic District offers charming boutiques and dining options. These landmarks highlight Prince William County’s blend of history, culture, and modern amenities.
3. Arlington County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 240,000
- Area Codes: 703, 571
- Zip Codes: 22201-22209
- County Seat: Arlington
Geography and History
Arlington County is located in Northern Virginia, directly across the Potomac River from Washington, D.C. The county is known for its dense urban environment, with a landscape that includes residential, commercial, and government areas. Established in 1801, Arlington was originally part of the District of Columbia but was retroceded to Virginia in 1846. The county has a rich history tied to its role as a military and governmental center. Arlington National Cemetery, a significant landmark, serves as a burial ground for U.S. military personnel and is a key site in American history. Arlington has developed into a major urban area with a focus on government, business, and residential living.
Colleges and Universities
- Marymount University: A private Catholic university located in Arlington, offering a range of undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on liberal arts and professional studies.
- Virginia Tech (Arlington Campus): Provides graduate programs in fields such as public administration, business, and engineering.
Major Landmarks
Arlington County features several major landmarks that highlight its historical and cultural importance. Arlington National Cemetery is a key site of national significance, with notable graves including those of President John F. Kennedy and the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier. The Pentagon Memorial, dedicated to the victims of the September 11 attacks, provides a space for reflection and remembrance. The Arlington House, the Robert E. Lee Memorial, offers historical insights into the Civil War and the life of the Confederate general. Additionally, the Rosslyn skyline features modern architecture and provides stunning views of the Washington, D.C., monuments across the river. These landmarks showcase Arlington County’s blend of historical importance and modern urban development.
4. Loudoun County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 420,000
- Area Codes: 703, 571
- Zip Codes: 20105-20198
- County Seat: Leesburg
Geography and History
Loudoun County is located in Northern Virginia, west of Washington, D.C., and is known for its rural and suburban character. The county’s landscape includes rolling hills, farmland, and suburban developments. Established in 1757, Loudoun County was named after John Campbell, 4th Earl of Loudoun, a British officer during the French and Indian War. The county has a rich history tied to its agricultural roots and its role in the development of the Washington metropolitan area. Over the years, Loudoun County has experienced significant growth due to its proximity to Washington, D.C., and its development as a key area for technology and business.
Colleges and Universities
- Loudoun Campus of Northern Virginia Community College: Offers vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- George Washington University (Loudoun Campus): Provides graduate programs in fields such as business and engineering.
Major Landmarks
Loudoun County features several notable landmarks that reflect its historical and cultural significance. The historic town of Leesburg is known for its well-preserved 18th and 19th-century architecture and its vibrant downtown area. The Oatlands Historic House and Gardens offer a glimpse into 19th-century plantation life with its beautifully preserved estate and gardens. The Loudoun County Heritage Farm Museum provides exhibits on agricultural history and rural life. Additionally, the vineyards and wineries in Loudoun County, part of Virginia’s wine country, are popular destinations for tours and tastings. These landmarks highlight Loudoun County’s blend of historical charm and modern amenities.
5. Chesterfield County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 370,000
- Area Codes: 804
- Zip Codes: 23832-23838
- County Seat: Chesterfield
Geography and History
Chesterfield County is located in central Virginia, south of Richmond. The county features a mix of suburban, rural, and urban areas, with a landscape that includes rolling hills and riverfronts. Established in 1749, Chesterfield County was named after Chesterfield, England, and has a history tied to its early colonial settlements. The county played a role in the American Civil War and has since developed into a major suburban area with a focus on residential and commercial growth. Chesterfield is known for its strong community services and historical landmarks.
Colleges and Universities
- John Tyler Community College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- Virginia State University (nearby in Petersburg): Offers undergraduate and graduate programs with a focus on education, business, and agriculture.
Major Landmarks
Chesterfield County features several landmarks that reflect its historical and cultural significance. The Chesterfield County Museum and Archives provide exhibits on local history and heritage. The historic site of the Appomattox Court House, where the surrender of the Confederate Army occurred, is within driving distance and offers a significant Civil War site. The Iron Bridge Sports Park is a popular recreational area with sports fields and walking trails. Additionally, the Lake Chesdin area offers boating and fishing opportunities. These landmarks highlight Chesterfield County’s commitment to preserving its history and providing recreational opportunities.
6. Henrico County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 340,000
- Area Codes: 804
- Zip Codes: 23220-23294
- County Seat: Richmond (partially)
Geography and History
Henrico County is located in central Virginia, adjacent to the city of Richmond. The county features a mix of urban, suburban, and rural landscapes, with a focus on residential and commercial development. Established in 1611, Henrico is one of the oldest counties in Virginia and was named after the Indian word for a nearby river. The county played a significant role in the early history of Virginia and has a rich colonial and Civil War heritage. Today, Henrico is known for its diverse communities and its role as a key suburban area supporting the city of Richmond.
Colleges and Universities
- J. Sargeant Reynolds Community College: Offers vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
- Virginia Commonwealth University (nearby in Richmond): Provides a range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in arts, health sciences, and business.
Major Landmarks
Henrico County is home to several major landmarks that highlight its historical and cultural significance. The Virginia Randolph Museum provides insights into the life and work of education reformer Virginia Randolph. The historic site of the Three Chopt Road offers a glimpse into early colonial travel routes. The Richmond International Raceway, located on the county’s edge, is a popular venue for NASCAR events. Additionally, the Tuckahoe Plantation, the childhood home of Thomas Jefferson, offers a historical perspective on early American life. These landmarks showcase Henrico County’s rich history and its role in the broader Richmond metropolitan area.
7. Albemarle County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 120,000
- Area Codes: 434
- Zip Codes: 22901-22911
- County Seat: Charlottesville
Geography and History
Albemarle County is located in central Virginia, to the west of Richmond, and is known for its picturesque landscapes and historic significance. The county includes parts of the Blue Ridge Mountains and is characterized by rolling hills and scenic valleys. Established in 1744, Albemarle was named after the Earl of Albemarle, a British nobleman. The county has a rich history tied to its colonial past and its role in the development of Virginia. Charlottesville, the county seat, is known for its historic architecture and its association with notable figures such as Thomas Jefferson.
Colleges and Universities
- University of Virginia (UVA): Located in Charlottesville, UVA is a prestigious public university offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in law, business, and liberal arts.
- Piedmont Virginia Community College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
Major Landmarks
Albemarle County features several significant landmarks that highlight its historical and cultural heritage. The University of Virginia, designed by Thomas Jefferson, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and offers historic architecture and a renowned academic institution. Monticello, Jefferson’s plantation home, provides insights into early American history and architecture. The historic downtown area of Charlottesville is known for its vibrant cultural scene and historic buildings. Additionally, the Shenandoah National Park, partially extending into the county, offers scenic views and outdoor recreation opportunities. These landmarks reflect Albemarle County’s rich historical and cultural landscape.
8. Fairfax City
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 24,000
- Area Codes: 703, 571
- Zip Codes: 22030-22033
- County Seat: Fairfax City
Geography and History
Fairfax City is an independent city located within Fairfax County in Northern Virginia. It is known for its historic downtown area and well-preserved 18th and 19th-century architecture. Established in 1805, Fairfax City was the county seat of Fairfax County before the county’s consolidation into an independent city. The city has a rich history tied to its colonial and Civil War past and has developed into a vibrant urban area with a focus on historic preservation and community events. It serves as a cultural and administrative center within Fairfax County.
Colleges and Universities
- George Mason University (Fairfax Campus): Located just outside the city, offers a range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in law, business, and public policy.
- Northern Virginia Community College (Alexandria Campus): Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
Major Landmarks
Fairfax City features several landmarks that highlight its historical and cultural significance. The Fairfax Courthouse, a historic building dating back to the 18th century, serves as a focal point for the city’s heritage. The Ratcliffe-Allison House and the Fairfax Museum provide insights into local history and early American life. The historic downtown area offers a charming blend of old and new, with preserved architecture and local shops. Additionally, the city hosts various cultural events and festivals throughout the year, contributing to its vibrant community atmosphere. These landmarks showcase Fairfax City’s blend of historical preservation and modern urban life.
9. James City County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 90,000
- Area Codes: 757
- Zip Codes: 23185-23188
- County Seat: Williamsburg
Geography and History
James City County is located in the eastern part of Virginia, adjacent to the historic city of Williamsburg. The county’s landscape includes a mix of coastal plain and riverfront areas, with a focus on historical preservation and tourism. Established in 1607, James City County is one of the oldest counties in Virginia, with a history tied to the early colonial settlement of Jamestown. The county played a significant role in American history and is known for its historical sites and preservation efforts. Today, James City County is a popular destination for visitors interested in colonial history and heritage.
Colleges and Universities
- William & Mary: Located in Williamsburg, this prestigious public university offers a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in law, history, and liberal arts.
- Thomas Nelson Community College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
Major Landmarks
James City County is renowned for its historical and cultural landmarks. Colonial Williamsburg, a living history museum, offers an immersive experience into 18th-century American life with restored buildings and costumed interpreters. Jamestown Settlement, a historical site nearby, provides insights into the early colonial period with interactive exhibits and reconstructions of the original Jamestown fort. The Historic Yorktown area, part of the Historic Triangle with Williamsburg and Jamestown, offers additional historical context and waterfront views. Additionally, the College of William & Mary, with its historic campus and academic traditions, adds to the county’s rich heritage. These landmarks highlight James City County’s significant role in American history.
10. Newport News City
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 180,000
- Area Codes: 757
- Zip Codes: 23601-23609
- County Seat: Newport News
Geography and History
Newport News is an independent city located in the southeastern part of Virginia, along the Chesapeake Bay. The city’s geography includes a mix of urban, industrial, and waterfront areas. Established in 1896, Newport News has a history tied to its role as a major port and industrial center. The city played a significant role in shipbuilding during World War II and continues to be a key location for maritime and defense industries. Newport News is known for its diverse community and its development as a significant urban area within the Hampton Roads region.
Colleges and Universities
- Christopher Newport University: A public university located in Newport News, offering a range of undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in arts, sciences, and business.
- Thomas Nelson Community College: Provides vocational and technical training with a focus on career readiness and workforce development.
Major Landmarks
Newport News features several landmarks that reflect its historical and cultural significance. The Mariners’ Museum and Park provide exhibits on maritime history and shipbuilding, highlighting the city’s role in naval history. The Virginia Living Museum offers educational exhibits on regional wildlife and natural history. The historic Newport News Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company, a major shipbuilding facility, represents the city’s industrial heritage. Additionally, the Peninsular Campaign Museum provides insights into the Civil War era. These landmarks showcase Newport News’ maritime heritage, cultural attractions, and historical significance.