Oregon became a state in 1859 and was a key destination for settlers on the Oregon Trail. It has 36 counties.
10 Largest Counties in Oregon
1. Multnomah County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 850,000
- Area Codes: 503, 971
- Zip Codes: 97201-97299
- County Seat: Portland
Geography and History
Multnomah County is located in northwestern Oregon, encompassing the city of Portland and its suburbs. The county is characterized by a diverse landscape of lush forests, rolling hills, and the Willamette River. It was established in 1854 and named after the Multnomah people, a Native American tribe. Portland, the county seat, is a major cultural and economic hub known for its progressive urban planning and vibrant arts scene. The area’s history includes significant Native American heritage, early settler agriculture, and rapid urban development. The county has grown into a major center for technology, education, and green initiatives, reflecting its historical role as a key location in the Pacific Northwest.
Colleges and Universities
- Portland State University (PSU): A public research university offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs, with strengths in urban studies, engineering, and business.
- Reed College: A private liberal arts college known for its rigorous academics and emphasis on critical thinking and research.
- Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU): A public university with a focus on health sciences, including medicine, nursing, and biomedical research.
Major Landmarks
Multnomah County is home to several notable landmarks. The Portland Art Museum, one of the oldest in the country, features an extensive collection of art from around the world. The iconic Powell’s City of Books, the largest independent bookstore in the U.S., attracts literary enthusiasts from across the globe. The Oregon Zoo and the Portland Japanese Garden offer unique cultural and recreational experiences. Additionally, the Columbia River Gorge, just outside Portland, provides breathtaking natural scenery and numerous outdoor activities, including hiking and waterfall viewing. The county’s blend of cultural, historical, and natural attractions makes it a vibrant and diverse region.
2. Washington County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 640,000
- Area Codes: 503, 971
- Zip Codes: 97003-97078
- County Seat: Hillsboro
Geography and History
Washington County is located in northwestern Oregon, adjacent to Multnomah County and part of the Portland metropolitan area. The county features a mix of suburban development, farmland, and forested areas. It was established in 1843 and named in honor of George Washington. The county’s history includes early settler agriculture, the rise of the tech industry, and the growth of suburban communities. Hillsboro, the county seat, has evolved into a significant tech hub, home to numerous high-tech companies and research facilities. The county’s development has been driven by its proximity to Portland and its role as a center for technology and innovation.
Colleges and Universities
- Pacific University: A private university in Forest Grove offering undergraduate and graduate programs, with strengths in health professions, education, and liberal arts.
- Oregon State University – Extension Service: Provides educational programs and research opportunities in various fields, including agriculture and community development, across the state.
- Portland Community College (PCC) – Hillsboro Campus: Offers associate degrees and vocational training, with a focus on community-based education and workforce development.
Major Landmarks
Washington County features several key landmarks. The Intel Corporation campuses are notable for their significant role in the county’s technology sector. The Hillsboro Civic Center offers a range of cultural and community events. The Tualatin Hills Nature Park provides opportunities for outdoor recreation, including hiking and wildlife observation. The county is also home to the Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum, showcasing aviation history and space exploration exhibits. Additionally, the local vineyards and wineries contribute to the county’s reputation for high-quality wine production, enhancing its appeal as a destination for food and wine enthusiasts.
3. Clackamas County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 425,000
- Area Codes: 503, 971
- Zip Codes: 97001-97089
- County Seat: Oregon City
Geography and History
Clackamas County is located in northwestern Oregon, south of Portland. The county is characterized by its diverse geography, including forests, mountains, and river valleys. It was established in 1843 and named after the Clackamas people, a Native American tribe. The county’s history includes early pioneer settlement, agriculture, and significant development due to its proximity to the Portland metropolitan area. Oregon City, the county seat, has a historical significance as the site of the first incorporated city in the Pacific Northwest and the end of the Oregon Trail. The county has grown into a key suburban and rural area with a focus on preserving its natural beauty and promoting sustainable development.
Colleges and Universities
- Clackamas Community College (CCC): Provides a range of associate degrees and vocational training, with programs in fields such as healthcare, business, and technology.
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend colleges and universities in Portland, including Portland State University (PSU) and Oregon Health & Science University (OHSU).
Major Landmarks
Clackamas County is known for several notable landmarks. The Oregon City Municipal Elevator, a historic landmark, provides a unique glimpse into the city’s history and offers stunning views of the Willamette River. The Clackamas River offers recreational opportunities, including fishing, boating, and rafting. The county is also home to the Canby Ferry, a historic cable ferry crossing the Willamette River. Additionally, the Mount Hood Scenic Byway provides access to outdoor activities and scenic vistas in the nearby Cascade Mountains. The county’s blend of historical sites, natural beauty, and recreational opportunities contributes to its appeal as a diverse and attractive region.
4. Lane County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 400,000
- Area Codes: 458, 541
- Zip Codes: 97401-97499
- County Seat: Eugene
Geography and History
Lane County is located in western Oregon and features a diverse landscape, including coastal regions, forests, and mountains. The county was established in 1851 and named after Joseph Lane, Oregon’s first territorial governor. The region’s history includes Native American settlements, early pioneer agriculture, and significant development due to the lumber industry and educational institutions. Eugene, the county seat, is known for its cultural and educational prominence, with a strong focus on environmental sustainability and progressive values. The county’s natural beauty and proximity to the Pacific Ocean have made it a popular destination for outdoor enthusiasts and nature lovers.
Colleges and Universities
- University of Oregon (UO): A major public research university in Eugene, offering a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs, with notable strengths in business, law, and environmental sciences.
- Lane Community College (LCC): Provides associate degrees and vocational training, with a focus on fields such as healthcare, technology, and the arts.
- Northwest Christian University: A private institution in Eugene offering undergraduate and graduate programs with an emphasis on liberal arts and Christian values.
Major Landmarks
Lane County features several prominent landmarks. The University of Oregon campus is home to the Jordan Schnitzer Museum of Art, which offers a diverse collection of art and cultural exhibits. The county is also known for its beautiful coastline, including beaches such as Florence and Heceta Head. The Willamette National Forest provides opportunities for outdoor recreation, including hiking, camping, and exploring scenic waterfalls. Additionally, the Oregon Country Fair, held annually in Veneta, celebrates local culture and crafts, drawing visitors from across the region. The county’s combination of cultural, natural, and recreational attractions makes it a vibrant and appealing destination.
5. Marion County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 350,000
- Area Codes: 503, 971
- Zip Codes: 97301-97389
- County Seat: Salem
Geography and History
Marion County is located in the Willamette Valley of northwestern Oregon and features a landscape of fertile agricultural land, forests, and rolling hills. Established in 1843, the county was named after Francis Marion, a hero of the American Revolution. The county’s history includes early pioneer settlement, significant agricultural development, and the growth of Salem as the state capital. Salem, the county seat, serves as the political and administrative center of Oregon. The county has a strong agricultural tradition, with a focus on farming, timber, and wine production, and has grown into a key region for both historical and economic development.
Colleges and Universities
- Willamette University: A private liberal arts university in Salem, offering undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in law, business, and the arts.
- Chemeketa Community College: Provides associate degrees and vocational training, with programs in fields such as healthcare, business, and technology.
- Nearby institutions: Residents also attend institutions in nearby cities, such as Oregon State University in Corvallis.
Major Landmarks
Marion County is known for several key landmarks. The Oregon State Capitol building in Salem, with its distinctive gold dome, is a central feature and symbol of the state’s government. The Historic Elsinore Theatre in Salem offers a range of cultural performances and events. The county is also home to the Salem’s Riverfront Park, providing recreational activities and scenic views along the Willamette River. Additionally, the county’s vineyards and wineries, including those in the Willamette Valley AVA, are notable for producing high-quality wines and contributing to the region’s agricultural heritage. The blend of historical sites, cultural attractions, and natural beauty makes Marion County a diverse and interesting destination.
6. Jackson County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 230,000
- Area Codes: 541
- Zip Codes: 97501-97540
- County Seat: Medford
Geography and History
Jackson County is located in southern Oregon and features a diverse landscape of mountains, forests, and river valleys. The county was established in 1852 and named after President Andrew Jackson. It has a rich history that includes Native American heritage, early pioneer settlement, and development driven by agriculture and the timber industry. Medford, the county seat, has grown into a regional commercial and cultural center, known for its historic downtown and thriving arts scene. The county’s economy is bolstered by its agricultural products, including pears and wine, and its natural beauty attracts visitors seeking outdoor adventures.
Colleges and Universities
- Southern Oregon University (SOU): A public university in Ashland offering a range of undergraduate and graduate programs, with strengths in the arts, environmental sciences, and business.
- Rogue Community College (RCC): Provides associate degrees and vocational training, with programs in fields such as healthcare, technology, and the arts.
Major Landmarks
Jackson County is home to several significant landmarks. The Oregon Shakespeare Festival in Ashland is renowned for its high-quality theatrical performances and cultural impact. Crater Lake National Park, located in the county, features stunning views of the deepest lake in the U.S. and offers various recreational activities. The historic Jacksonville, a well-preserved Gold Rush-era town, provides a glimpse into the region’s past with its charming streets and historic buildings. Additionally, the county’s numerous vineyards and wineries contribute to its reputation for producing excellent wines and providing scenic tours. The combination of cultural, natural, and historical attractions makes Jackson County a popular destination.
7. Deschutes County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 200,000
- Area Codes: 541
- Zip Codes: 97701-97709
- County Seat: Bend
Geography and History
Deschutes County is located in central Oregon and features a varied landscape of high desert, mountains, and river valleys. The county was established in 1916 and named after the Deschutes River, which runs through the area. The region’s history includes Native American heritage, early pioneer settlement, and development driven by agriculture and outdoor recreation. Bend, the county seat, has grown rapidly into a major recreational and cultural center, known for its outdoor activities, craft breweries, and vibrant arts scene. The county’s natural beauty and recreational opportunities make it a popular destination for tourists and outdoor enthusiasts.
Colleges and Universities
- Central Oregon Community College (COCC): Provides associate degrees and vocational training, with programs in fields such as healthcare, technology, and the arts.
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in nearby cities, such as Oregon State University in Corvallis.
Major Landmarks
Deschutes County features several notable landmarks. The Smith Rock State Park offers stunning rock formations and opportunities for rock climbing and hiking. The High Desert Museum in Bend provides exhibits on the region’s natural and cultural history. The county is also known for its numerous craft breweries and outdoor recreational opportunities, including skiing at Mount Bachelor and exploring the Cascade Lakes. Additionally, the Deschutes River provides opportunities for fishing, rafting, and scenic river walks. The combination of natural beauty, outdoor activities, and cultural attractions makes Deschutes County a unique and appealing destination.
8. Yamhill County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 110,000
- Area Codes: 503, 971
- Zip Codes: 97101-97148
- County Seat: McMinnville
Geography and History
Yamhill County is located in northwestern Oregon and features a landscape of rolling hills, vineyards, and river valleys. The county was established in 1843 and named after the Yamhill people, a Native American tribe. The county’s history includes early settler agriculture, with a focus on farming and timber industries. McMinnville, the county seat, is known for its historic downtown area and vibrant community events. The county has developed a reputation for its wine production and agricultural activities, making it a key part of Oregon’s wine country.
Colleges and Universities
- Linfield University: A private liberal arts university in McMinnville offering undergraduate and graduate programs with strengths in business, nursing, and the liberal arts.
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend colleges and universities in nearby cities, such as Oregon State University in Corvallis.
Major Landmarks
Yamhill County is known for several significant landmarks. The historic McMinnville Downtown Historic District features preserved buildings and local businesses, reflecting the county’s rich history. The Willamette Valley wineries, including those in Yamhill County, are renowned for producing high-quality wines and offering scenic tours. The county is also home to the Evergreen Aviation & Space Museum, showcasing aviation and space exploration history. Additionally, the annual Yamhill County Fair highlights local agriculture and community traditions. The combination of historical sites, cultural attractions, and natural beauty contributes to Yamhill County’s appeal as a destination.
9. Linn County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 130,000
- Area Codes: 541
- Zip Codes: 97321-97389
- County Seat: Albany
Geography and History
Linn County is located in the central part of Oregon, featuring a diverse landscape of forests, rivers, and farmland. Established in 1847, the county was named after Lewis F. Linn, a U.S. Senator from Oregon. The county’s history includes early settler agriculture, timber industries, and significant development due to its location in the Willamette Valley. Albany, the county seat, is known for its historic downtown area and annual events. The county’s economy has been driven by agriculture, including grain and livestock farming, as well as timber production.
Colleges and Universities
- Linn-Benton Community College (LBCC): Provides associate degrees and vocational training, with programs in fields such as healthcare, technology, and the arts.
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend universities in nearby cities, such as Oregon State University in Corvallis.
Major Landmarks
Linn County features several notable landmarks. The historic downtown Albany area includes numerous preserved buildings from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, reflecting the county’s history. The Monteith House Museum provides insights into local history and heritage. The county is also home to the Linn County Fairgrounds, which hosts a variety of community events and fairs throughout the year. Additionally, the Willamette River and nearby forests offer recreational opportunities such as hiking, fishing, and boating. The combination of historical sites, cultural events, and natural beauty makes Linn County a distinctive and attractive region.
10. Umatilla County
County Facts
- Population: Approximately 80,000
- Area Codes: 541
- Zip Codes: 97801-97862
- County Seat: Pendleton
Geography and History
Umatilla County is located in northeastern Oregon, characterized by a landscape of rolling hills, river valleys, and high desert. Established in 1862, the county was named after the Umatilla River, which flows through the area. The county’s history includes Native American heritage, early pioneer settlement, and development driven by agriculture and transportation. Pendleton, the county seat, is known for its historic downtown and cultural events, including the famous Pendleton Round-Up rodeo. The county has a strong agricultural tradition, with a focus on wheat farming and livestock.
Colleges and Universities
- Blue Mountain Community College (BMCC): Provides associate degrees and vocational training, with programs in fields such as healthcare, technology, and agriculture.
- Nearby institutions: Residents often attend colleges and universities in nearby cities, such as Eastern Oregon University in La Grande.
Major Landmarks
Umatilla County features several significant landmarks. The Pendleton Round-Up is one of the largest and most famous rodeos in the U.S., attracting visitors from across the country. The Pendleton Woolen Mills, known for its high-quality wool products, offers tours and a visitor center showcasing the county’s heritage. The Tamastslikt Cultural Institute provides exhibits on Native American history and culture. Additionally, the county’s scenic landscapes, including the Umatilla National Forest and the Walla Walla River, offer outdoor recreational opportunities such as hiking and fishing. The combination of cultural, historical, and natural attractions makes Umatilla County a unique and engaging destination.