Located in South America, Venezuela has a long coastline on the Caribbean Sea and is bordered by Guyana, Brazil and Colombia. The species-rich country has beautiful national parks with breathtaking landscapes. Unfortunately, due to the political and economic situation, it is not an easy country to travel to. Capital City Caracas Size 912,050 km² Resident… Read More »
Colonial period. Inhabited by Indian tribes, the Paraguay was visited between 1521 and 1526 by the expedition led by the Spanish A. García, followed by that of S. Caboto (1526-32). In 1537 Asunción was founded, a Spanish stronghold against Portuguese expansion and a starting point for expeditions to conquer the southern regions of the American… Read More »
Peru is located in South America, bordering Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Ecuador and Colombia. The third largest country on the continent is rich in culture, nature and beautiful landscapes. The Andes, the Amazon, rainforests – there is a lot to discover! Capital City Lima Size 1.285.216 km² Resident 31.237.385 Official Language Quechua, Aimara, Spanish Currency Peruanischer… Read More »
Before the conquest, on the territory of modern Colombia, there were 5 Indian proto-states headed by hereditary rulers. A relatively high level of development was achieved by the civilization of the Chibcha-Muisca, who were at the stage of transition from a primitive communal to an early class society. The coast of the country was explored… Read More »
From ancient times, the territory of modern Bolivia was inhabited by Indian tribes, who created the highly developed cultures of Viscachan (10-8 centuries BC) and Tiwanaku (1st millennium BC – 1st millennium AD). In the 14th century a significant part of present-day Bolivia was conquered by the Incas and became one of the provinces of… Read More »
Guyana is located in South America, bordering Venezuela, Brazil and Suriname, and the Atlantic Ocean. Untouched rainforests and impressive waterfalls are just 2 of the many reasons to visit this exciting country. Capital City Georgetown Size 214,970 km² Resident 735,000 Official Language English Currency Guyanese Dollar Time Zone UTC-4 Telephone Area Code +592 Source: Destination… Read More »
Ecuador is located in northwestern South America, bordering Colombia and Peru. The country is considered relatively safe and is a popular travel destination, mainly because of the Galápagos Islands. With a very varied landscape, visitors will find a wide range of possibilities, from dreamlike beaches to the high mountains in the Andes. Capital City Quito… Read More »
Located on the northern coast of the South American continent, Colombia is the second largest country in South America. The country borders on Panama, Venezuela, Brazil, Peru and Ecuador, among others, and is home to the highest coastal mountain range on earth: the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Although for decades marked by armed conflicts… Read More »
Located in South America, Chile stretches 4,300 kilometers from north to south. The country borders Argentina, Bolivia and Peru. In terms of landscape, it is perhaps the most interesting country in South America. Tierra del Fuego, the Andes, Patagonia, volcanoes, the Atacama Desert and much more are a paradise for nature lovers and photographers. Capital… Read More »
Brazil is located in South America and is one of the largest countries on earth. The country borders French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, Venezuela, Paraguay, Uruguay and Argentina. Among other things, Brazil is known for its rainforests and of course for the carnival in Rio. Capital City Brasilia Size 8,515,770 km² Resident 205… Read More »
Bolivia is located in South America, bordering Peru, Chile, Argentina, Brazil and Paraguay. The country is one of the poorest countries in South America and is particularly interesting because of its landscape. The impressive Andes, the world’s largest salt lake, Lake Titicaca, beautiful, colorful lagoons – there are so many beautiful and impressive landscapes to… Read More »
Argentina is located in the south of South America and is particularly interesting in terms of landscape. Patagonia, Tierra del Fuego, the Andes, the rainforest, gigantic waterfalls – the country has so much to offer. Economically troubled from time to time and shaken by inflation, life for the Gouchos in this South American country is… Read More »
ART AND ARCHITECTURE In the colonial period, the Peru reflects the path of Spanish art and architecture, albeit conditioned by the climate, geology and also by indigenous cultural heritage. In the coastal region, adobe and brick constructions prevailed, in the Andean area those in stone. Frequent earthquakes destroyed most of the buildings but there are… Read More »
The outer ridge line in the southernmost part is separated from the inner one by the deep, populous valley of the Río Santa, called Callejón de Huaylas ; it does not exceed 5000 m. high and is called Cordillera Negra (because it has no permanent snow). The Santa in its rapid descent (2000 m. In… Read More »
Three great regions are distinguished in Peru, which differ greatly from one another in terms of relief, morphology, climate and vegetation, in short for their physical characteristics, as well as for anthropogenic and economic conditions. They are: 1. the coastal region; 2. the Sierra, that is the mountainous region that is part of the Andean… Read More »
The general elections of April 8, 1990 confirmed the decline of the left. In the consultations for the Congress, no party obtained a majority: FREDEMO won 63 seats in the Chamber and 20 in the Senate, while APRA dropped to 49 and 16 seats respectively; Cambio 90, a new independent team, obtained 34 deputies and… Read More »
The elections for the Constituent Assembly in June 1978 represented the first step towards the return to power of civilians; the lack of participation, in controversy with the military government, of the center-right formation Acción Popular (AP) favored the victory of the Alianza Popular Revolucionaria Americana (APRA, with 35% of the votes and 37 seats… Read More »
Peruvian music of the first quarter of the 20th century is characterized by the nationalistic current, which, born in the last part of the 19th century, was inspired by the musical forms of folklore or drew from it the subjects for the works. The music Quechua and the mestiza they manifest themselves to varying degrees… Read More »
The news on the civilization of the Inca period necessarily refers to the last stage, that is, when they could be collected in the written narration of the chroniclers, both on the basis of direct observation of these, and on the basis of information obtained on the place from different sources. In general, the judgment… Read More »
The Sixties mark in the narrative of Peru, next to the explosion of the work of M. Vargas Llosa (see App. IV, iii, p. 792 and in this Appendix), the conclusion of the parable of JM Arguedas (m suicide in 1969), which began in the 1930s with the first stories. After Todas las sangres (1964;… Read More »
From the 16th to the 19th century Together with Mexico, Fr kept alive and continuous contacts with the motherland, also through the direct intervention of the Castilian writers. In the second half of the 16th century. the university flourished in Lima, and the art of printing was very active. G. de la Vega el Inca… Read More »
With the Constitution of 1979 the Peru, after years marked by a succession of coups d’état and governments subject to the protection of the military, initiated a complex process of democratization, made difficult by the persistence of contradictions and unsolved problems. Poverty and strong social inequalities, a huge foreign debt, the looming presence of the… Read More »
Population. – The population of Peru, according to an evaluation of 1959, is 10,524,000 residents (9 per km 2). Since the last official census of the population, which dates back to 1940, there has therefore been an increase of almost 3.5 million residents, with an increase of 48%. From an administrative point of view, since… Read More »
The gen. Oscar R. Benavides ruled with energy not devoid of wisdom. The elections of 1936 were apparently about to give victory to LA Eguigúren, supported by “Apra” (see, in this second App., I, p. 223), when the Benavides canceled them and had their mandate extended for three years. In the international field, relations with… Read More »
After the border issues with Colombia were resolved through the agreement of May 1934 (Buenos Aires protocol), which recognized Colombia as the city of Leticia, there were still disputes with Ecuador, again for border issues: however, on 12 March 1936 an agreement was signed between the two governments, for the appointment of a joint commission… Read More »
A comforting fact, however, in the midst of the turbulent history of political factions, is the constant economic-demographic progress within Peru, which is completed with the adjustment of the borders in relations with foreign countries. As at the time of the conquest, the Indian mass still remained at the basis of Peruvian life; and of… Read More »
Therefore, when Peru, having imposed an exit duty on saltpetre with the result of seeing the Bolivian export desert its ports in favor of the Chilean ones, asked Bolivia to also impose exit duties on the Atacama saltpeters, the Bolivia accepted the Peruvian proposal, despite the contrary provisions of an agreement made by it in… Read More »
Spain then sent in 1862 a small squad under Admiral Pinzón to occupy the Chincha Islands; an occupation which, being recklessly presented under the aspect of claiming Spanish rights not extinguished, raised a crawl space in all the Spanish-American nations, and pushed the Spanish government to replace the Pinzón with Admiral Pareja. An agreement entered… Read More »
La Mar then moved against Colombia itself for the possession of the provinces of Jaén and los Maynas, which he – a native of Guayaquil – needed to be entitled to the presidency of Peru, according to the new constitution of 1828; but he was defeated in Portete de Tarqui, in the province of Quito,… Read More »
Despite the decline and neglect of the motherland, Peru still constituted, at the beginning of the century. XIX, the political, moral and military center of Spain on the South American continent; and this – together with the greater geographical, political and economic isolation – explains how the independence movement in Peru took place later than… Read More »