Category Archives: Africa

The African continent extends over two climatic zones: the tropics near the equator and the subtropics beyond the tropics. Due to the relatively high position of the sun all year round and the associated high energy supply, no real thermal high winters develop in Africa. Even in the high areas of the mountains, the monthly average temperatures in winter do not fall below 0 ° C. In the lowlands, temperatures are even between around 10 ° C beyond the tropics and over 25 ° C at the equator.

CAUSES OF TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION
The temperature distribution in Africa is essentially determined by three factors – solar radiation, cloud cover and evaporationwhich in turn depends, among other things, on the amount of precipitation. Theoretically, the equatorial latitudes experience the greatest energy input, since the position of the sun is very high all year round. Due to the heavy cloud cover associated with the confluence zone of the trade winds in the area of ​​the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ), however, part of this incident radiation is reflected, which reduces the warming of the earth’s surface. The high equatorial precipitation also leads to heavy evaporation. As a result of the energy required for this, a further part of the radiation energy is converted into latent and non-sensible heat. For these reasons, the highest temperatures in Africa do not occur near the equator, but in the tropics. The subtropical high pressure belt leads to the dissolution of clouds and the formation of extremely dry areas through descending air movements. This results in largely unhindered solar radiation, which in summer causes strong warming due to the zenith of the sun. The low moisture content of the soil and the largely missing vegetation, which in equatorial latitudes contributes significantly to evaporation due to its transpiration, result in low evaporation rates. As a result, most of the incident solar energy can be converted into sensible heat; the temperatures in the interior of the Sahara sometimes rise to over 50 ° C during the day. In contrast, the radiation is correspondingly high at night and in winter; this leads to a strong cooling and extreme temperature contrasts.

PREVAILING WINDS
See Notes on Card 148.4.

DAILY AND YEARLY FLUCTUATIONS
The year-round, relatively uniform supply of radiation leads to the development of a typical tropical time-of-day climate near the equator. The seasonal temperature differences are significantly smaller than those between day and night. For this reason, the temperatures in tropical Africa fluctuate by no more than one temperature level between January and July. With increasing distance from the equator, the seasonal radiation and thus also temperature differences increase. This becomes particularly clear beyond the tropics. The monthly average temperatures there sometimes fluctuate by up to 20 ° C.

The highest point in Africa is Mount Kilimanjaro in Tanzania at 5895 meters high. The lowest point is Lake Asal in Djibouti at 153 meters below sea level. There are 54 internationally recognized countries in Africa. Victoria is the largest lake in Africa. The world’s longest river — the Nile — and the world’s largest desert — the Sahara — both are home in Africa. The world’s hottest place — Ethiopia — is in Africa. Tugela Falls is the second highest waterfall in the world lies in Africa. The San people are the oldest tribe in Africa, and the direct descendants of the first Homo sapiens. According to COUNTRYAAH, there are 54 countries in Africa. For the complete list of nations in Africa, please visit businesscarriers.com.

Sudan 1980

In 1980, Sudan, situated in northeastern Africa, was a nation grappling with a complex mix of political, social, and economic challenges. The country had a diverse landscape, rich history, and was known for its ethnic and cultural diversity. Here is an overview of Sudan in 1980: Political Landscape: Sudan was a country with a history… Read More »

Tanzania 1980

In 1980, Tanzania was a country located in East Africa, known for its diverse geography, rich cultural heritage, and a government led by the Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) political party. Here is an overview of Tanzania in 1980: Political Landscape: According to ehistorylib, Tanzania was a one-party state under the leadership of President Julius Nyerere.… Read More »

Togo 1980

In 1980, Togo was a West African nation characterized by a blend of traditional culture and political change. It was a country that had experienced decades of political turbulence and was in the early stages of a political transformation. Here is an overview of Togo in 1980: Political Landscape: According to estatelearning, Togo was officially… Read More »

Tunisia 1980

In 1980, Tunisia was a North African country with a rich history and a diverse cultural heritage. It was a nation that had gained independence from French colonial rule and was in the process of forging its own path towards political and economic development. Here is an overview of Tunisia in 1980: Political Landscape: According… Read More »

Uganda 1980

In 1980, Uganda was a nation that had experienced significant political turmoil and upheaval over the previous decade. The country was situated in East Africa and bordered by Sudan to the north, Kenya to the east, Tanzania to the south, Rwanda and Burundi to the southwest, and Zaire (now the Democratic Republic of Congo) to… Read More »

Zambia 1980

In 1980, Zambia was a nation grappling with the legacy of colonialism, economic challenges, and a commitment to social and political development. Located in southern Africa, Zambia had achieved independence from British colonial rule in 1964 and was navigating its path as a newly sovereign nation. Here’s a comprehensive look at Zambia in 1980: Political… Read More »

Zimbabwe 1980

In 1980, Zimbabwe was a newly independent nation emerging from a protracted struggle for liberation from British colonial rule. Situated in southern Africa, the country’s transition to independence marked a pivotal moment in its history. Here’s a comprehensive look at Zimbabwe in 1980: Historical Background: Zimbabwe, formerly known as Southern Rhodesia, was a British colony… Read More »

South Sudan 1980

In 1980, South Sudan did not yet exist as an independent nation. It was part of Sudan, a vast and diverse country in northeastern Africa. The historical context of Sudan in 1980 was marked by political, social, and economic complexities, including the long-standing North-South divide and conflicts that would eventually lead to South Sudan’s independence… Read More »

South Africa 1980

In 1980, South Africa was a nation marked by apartheid, a deeply entrenched system of racial segregation and discrimination that had been in place for decades. This period was characterized by significant social, political, and economic developments, as well as international isolation and resistance to apartheid. Here is an overview of South Africa in 1980:… Read More »

Somalia 1980

In 1980, Somalia was a country located in the Horn of Africa, known for its rich cultural heritage, nomadic way of life, and a challenging political landscape. Here is an overview of Somalia in 1980: Geography and Landscape: Somalia is located in the eastern part of Africa, with a coastline along the Indian Ocean to… Read More »

Sierra Leone 1980

Sierra Leone in 1980: A Nation Striving for Stability and Progress In 1980, Sierra Leone, a West African nation nestled on the Atlantic coast, was navigating a complex landscape of political challenges, economic aspirations, and social development efforts. The country had gained independence from British colonial rule in 1961, and this overview provides insights into… Read More »

Seychelles 1980

Seychelles in 1980: A Small Island Nation in Transition In 1980, Seychelles was a small island nation situated in the Indian Ocean off the east coast of Africa. It was in the midst of a period of political and social change, transitioning from British colonial rule to an independent nation. This overview provides insights into… Read More »

Senegal 1980

Senegal in 1980: A Nation Navigating Independence and Development In 1980, Senegal, located on the west coast of Africa, was a nation that had gained independence from France two decades earlier and was in the midst of a period of political stability, social progress, and economic development. The country was known for its rich cultural… Read More »

Sao Tome and Principe 1980

São Tomé and Príncipe in 1980: A New Nation on the Rise In 1980, São Tomé and Príncipe, a small island nation located in the Gulf of Guinea off the west coast of Central Africa, was in the early stages of its post-independence journey. According to computergees, the country had recently gained independence from Portugal… Read More »

Rwanda 1980

Rwanda in 1980: A Nation in Transition In 1980, Rwanda was a small landlocked nation in East Africa that had experienced significant political, social, and economic changes in the decades leading up to that year. This snapshot provides an overview of Rwanda’s historical context, political landscape, economic conditions, social aspects, and foreign relations during that… Read More »

Republic of the Congo 1980

The Republic of the Congo in 1980: A Complex Time in Central Africa In 1980, the Republic of the Congo, also known as Congo-Brazzaville, was a Central African nation grappling with a range of political, social, and economic challenges. This snapshot provides an overview of the country’s historical context, political landscape, economic conditions, social aspects,… Read More »

Nigeria 1980

In 1980, Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, was experiencing a period of political and economic challenges. This overview provides insights into various aspects of Nigeria in 1980, including its history, politics, society, economy, and culture. Historical Background: Nigeria’s history is marked by a complex interplay of diverse ethnic groups, colonial rule, and independence.… Read More »

Niger 1980

In 1980, Niger, a landlocked country located in West Africa, was facing a range of challenges, including political instability, economic difficulties, and environmental constraints. This overview provides insights into various aspects of Niger in 1980, including its history, politics, society, economy, and culture. Historical Background: Niger has a rich history, with ancient empires and cultures,… Read More »

Namibia 1980

In 1980, Namibia, located in southwestern Africa, was a country in the midst of a struggle for independence from South African rule. It was a period marked by political tension, international involvement, and aspirations for self-determination. This overview will explore various aspects of Namibia in 1980, including its history, political landscape, society, economy, and the… Read More »

Mozambique 1980

In 1980, Mozambique was a newly independent nation located in southeastern Africa. The country had recently emerged from a long and brutal war of independence against Portuguese colonial rule and was now grappling with the challenges of nation-building and post-conflict reconstruction. Here, we will delve into various aspects of Mozambique in 1980, including its history,… Read More »

Morocco 1980

In 1980, Morocco, located in North Africa, was a country with a rich history and a diverse cultural heritage. During this period, Morocco was a constitutional monarchy under the leadership of King Hassan II. This overview will delve into various aspects of Morocco in 1980, including its history, economy, politics, society, and culture. Historical Background:… Read More »

Mauritius 1980

Mauritius in 1980: A Nation on the Path to Prosperity In 1980, the island nation of Mauritius was a dynamic and rapidly developing country in the Indian Ocean. Known for its stunning beaches, diverse culture, and economic resilience, Mauritius was on a trajectory toward becoming one of Africa’s success stories. This article provides an overview… Read More »

Mauritania 1980

Mauritania in 1980: A Nation of Transition and Challenges In 1980, Mauritania, a vast West African country known for its deserts, diverse ethnic groups, and nomadic traditions, was at a pivotal juncture in its history. This article provides an overview of Mauritania in 1980, highlighting its historical context, society, economy, politics, and the challenges it… Read More »

Mali 1980

Mali in 1980: A Nation at a Crossroads In 1980, Mali was a landlocked West African nation facing a complex set of challenges and opportunities. Spanning a vast expanse of the Sahel region, Mali was known for its rich cultural heritage, but it was also grappling with economic difficulties, political transitions, and social changes. This… Read More »

Malawi 1980

Malawi in 1980: A Snapshot of a Developing Nation In 1980, Malawi, a landlocked country in southeastern Africa, was in the midst of a period of political stability under the leadership of President Hastings Kamuzu Banda. This article provides an overview of Malawi in 1980, discussing its geography, society, economy, politics, and key developments during… Read More »

Madagascar 1980

Madagascar in 1980: A Glimpse into an Island Nation’s History and Culture In 1980, the island nation of Madagascar, located in the Indian Ocean off the eastern coast of Africa, was a land of remarkable biodiversity, cultural diversity, and political complexity. Covering an area roughly equivalent to the size of France, Madagascar was home to… Read More »

Libya 1980

In 1980, Libya was a North African nation known for its vast deserts, oil wealth, and its charismatic and controversial leader, Muammar Gaddafi. The country had experienced significant political and social changes since Gaddafi’s rise to power in 1969, leading to a unique and complex sociopolitical landscape. This description provides an overview of Libya in… Read More »

Liberia 1980

In 1980, Liberia was a nation in the midst of political turmoil and social change. Located on the west coast of Africa, Liberia was known for being one of the few African countries that had not been colonized by European powers but instead established by freed African-American slaves in the early 19th century. However, by… Read More »

Lesotho 1980

In 1980, Lesotho was a landlocked kingdom located in Southern Africa, completely surrounded by South Africa. The country, known for its mountainous terrain and stunning landscapes, was undergoing political and social changes while grappling with economic challenges. Here, we provide an overview of Lesotho in 1980, including its political landscape, demographics, economy, society, and culture.… Read More »

Kenya 1980

In 1980, Kenya, located in East Africa, was a country that had gained its independence from British colonial rule just two decades earlier. The nation was undergoing significant political, social, and economic changes as it sought to establish itself as a stable and prosperous African nation. This description provides an overview of Kenya in 1980,… Read More »